Physicochemical characterization of spray dried cefixime polymeric nanoparticles using factorial design approach

Pooja Desai,Yogesh Pore

doi:10.7324/japs.2016.60417

Abstract

Article history: Received on: 09/01/2016 Revised on: 10/02/2016 Accepted on: 17/03/2016 Available online: 30/04/2016 The objective of the present study was to improve the physicochemical properties of poorly water soluble cefixime by preparing its nanoparticles using a hydrophilic polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP). The nanoparticles of cefixime were prepared by spray drying technique. A 3 2 factorial design approach was employed for the optimization of nanoparticle batches. The present model demonstrated significance of factors such as drug to polymer ratio (X1) and feed flow rate (X2) of spray dryer on the production yield (Y1), particle size (Y2) and % drug release at 15 min (Y3). The pure drug and prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XPRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size, saturation solubility and in vitro drug release. The results of DSC and XPRD revealed transformation of the crystalline nature of cefixime into an amorphous form which was supported by SEM. A significant improvement in solubility and dissolution rate was noticed in case of prepared nanoparticles as compared to pure cefixime. These results suggested that preparation of polymeric nanoparticles by spray drying technique might be a promising approach for improving the physicochemical properties of cefixime.

Highlights

It is well known that physicochemical properties such as solubility, dissolution and permeability are the major governing factors for the rate and extent of absorption and bioavailability of drug molecules (Amidon et al, 1995)
The pure drug and prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XPRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size, saturation solubility and in vitro drug release
These results suggested that preparation of polymeric nanoparticles by spray drying technique might be a promising approach for improving the physicochemical properties of cefixime

Summary

Introduction

It is well known that physicochemical properties such as solubility, dissolution and permeability are the major governing factors for the rate and extent of absorption and bioavailability of drug molecules (Amidon et al, 1995). Dissolution profile of poorly aqueous soluble drugs has been recognized as a key parameter in the drug development process (Khadka et al, 2014). Particle size reduction to the nanometer range can be achieved by using different techniques This technique has been extensively described relative to particle size reduction efficiently such as solvent evaporation method, nanoprecipitation method, ion gelation/coacervation technique, spray drying method, and supercritical antisolvent technique to improve drug solubility (Hecq et al, 2005; Khadka et al, 2014; Yadav et al, 2012; Singh et al, 2013)

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