Abstract
Coal tar was extracted from Garin Maiganga and Shankodi coals by fixed bed pyrolysis process carried out between 325°C and 600°C at heating rate of 10°C/min and holding time of 30 min. The tar yield determined was 31.95% for Shankodi and 17.02% Garin Maiganga. The obtained coal tar samples have the viscosity of 17.5 and 18.0 cP while the density was 0.9119 and 0.9156 g/cm³ for Garin Maiganga and Shankodi respectively. The solubility of all the coal samples in solvents such as water, benzene, alcohols, acetone, ether and chloroform is similar to the standard tar. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to analyse the coal tar components. The analysis result showed that the coal tar contained over 48 chemical compounds for Garin Maiganga and over 50 compounds for Shankodi. Benzo and naphthalene compounds were present in all the coal tar samples and these chemicals have wide industrial application.
Highlights
Coal is one of the most abundant fossil fuels
The dark brown colour and aromatic smell of the coal tar samples are similar for standard coal tar [18]
The tar yield of the coal samples obtained (Table 1) showed that Shankodi had 31.95% while Garin Maiganga, 17.2%. This indicated that Shankodi coal yielded higher coal tar extract as compared to Garin Maiganga coal sample
Summary
Coal is one of the most abundant fossil fuels. It can be used as a source of energy, but as a high-value added raw material for chemicals and carbon based materials. Coal is one of the leading commodities in terms of industrial importance and monetary value [1] [2]. Composition, appearance and type, the characterization of coal and its products is very important so as to make the most appropriate use of the material [4]
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