Abstract
Two ozonation procedures for sunflower oils at different applied ozone dosages were carried out. Ozone was obtained from medicinal oxygen and from air. Peroxide, acidity, and iodine indexes, along with density, viscosity and antimicrobial activity were determined. The fatty acid compositions of the samples were analyzed using GC. The content of oxygen was determined using an elemental analysis. Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance was used to measure the organic free radicals. The reactions were achieved up to peroxide index values of 658 and 675 mmolequiv kg –1 using medicinal oxygen and air for 5 and 8 hours, respectively. The samples of ozonized sunflower oil did not present organic free radicals, which is a very important issue if these oils are to be used as drugs. The ozonation reaction is more rapid with medicinal oxygen (5 hours) than with air (8 hours). Ozonized sunflower oil with oxygen as an ozone source was obtained with high potential for antimicrobial activity.
Highlights
The characterization of vegetable oils has been subjected to academic studies and commercial interest for many years
Peroxide, acidity index, density and viscosity values increased with applied ozone dosage, and all of these peroxide index values were used to carry out both sunflower oil ozonation procedures with oxygen and air as ozone sources
This is in agreement with the results described for the Criegee mechanism for ozone reaction with olefins
Summary
The characterization of vegetable oils has been subjected to academic studies and commercial interest for many years. The reaction of ozone with vegetable oils occurs with the carbon-carbon double bonds present in unsaturated fatty acids. This reaction produces several products such as hydroxiperoxides, hydrogen peroxides, Criegee ozonides and aldehydes that could be responsible for the biological activity of ozonized vegetable oils (Criegee 1975, Díaz et al, 2005, Díaz et al, 2008, Díaz et al, 2011). Authors have developed two procedures using different sources for obtaining the ozone: air and oxygen. Given the differences between the composition of air and oxygen, the ozone obtaining procedure is much easier starting from oxygen than from air. Since oxygen gas contains 99% pure oxygen and in air gas there is 21%, it is much faster to obtain ozone from pure oxygen than from air
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