Abstract
The physicochemical properties and the oxidative stability of Egyptian corn germ oil produced by aqueous enzymatic extraction using fungal cellulase, bacterial and bovine proteases, either individually or in combination were compared to that extracted by hexane. The optimized conditions of the new bovine protease for maximum oil yield were: 0.1% enzyme, pH 7.5 and 1h incubation time versus 0.6%, 0.63% enzyme, pH 4, 8.2 and 4, 2h incubation for fungal cellulase and bacterial protease, respectively. The higher oil yield was obtained by combining cellulase with bacterial protease (62.38%) or with bovine protease (51.94%) relative to hexane extraction (100%). The refractive index, iodine, saponification and peroxide values, DPPH scavenging activity, as well as fatty acids composition of enzymes and solvent-extracted oils were comparable. The acid value and color index of the enzyme-extracted oils were better than that produced by hexane, indicating that enzymes could be applied in the production of eco-friendly corn oil.
Highlights
Due to global warming and the increasing danger of environmental pollution for human health, the world is seeking for greener technology in every sector of life
Corn oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and has low saturated fatty acids, which has the advantages of being easy to digest, providing the heart with healthy fat, reducing the risk of chronic diseases, preventing macular degeneration and it is good for hair treatment (Shende and Sidhu, 2014)
The objective of our work was to study the effect of an aqueous enzymatic extraction on the yield, quality and stability of corn germ oil using bovine pancreatic protease type I as a new source of protease, as well as fungal cellulase from Trichoderma reesei and bacterial protease from Bacillus licheniformis, compared to the hexane extraction method
Summary
Due to global warming and the increasing danger of environmental pollution for human health, the world is seeking for greener technology in every sector of life. There is a compelling increase in the demand for vegetable oils due to continuous expansion of the world population. The vegetable oil industry is facing a challenge to overcome the widening supply gap in the present demand. Corn cereal grain (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important sources of vegetable oils. Corn oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and has low saturated fatty acids, which has the advantages of being easy to digest, providing the heart with healthy fat, reducing the risk of chronic diseases, preventing macular degeneration and it is good for hair treatment (Shende and Sidhu, 2014)
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