Abstract
The physicochemical and nutritional characteristics ofColocasia antiquorum(taro coconut or Chinese taro) starch cultivated in Oaxaca, Mexico, were determined. The granules ofColocasia antiquorumpresented a truncated ellipsoidal shape. The chemical composition analysis showed levels of moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber, and NFE in a dry base of 10.29, 0.18, 2.0, 0.05, 0.01, and 97.76, respectively, as well as amylose and amylopectin contents of 13.05 and 86.95%, respectively. Gelatinization temperatures, onset (To), peak (Tp), and final (Tf), were 72.86, 82.91, and 93.05°C, respectively. Solubility, swelling power (SP), and water absorption capacity (WAC) correlate directly with increments in temperature. Transmittance value (% T) for taro coconut was 0.3% and its apparent viscosity ranged from 100 to 150 cp. The nutritional characterization ofColocasia antiquorum’s starch amounted to 97.88% of total starch (TS), while available (AS) and resistant starch (RS) were 93.47 and 3.70%, respectively.Colocasia antiquorum, grown in Oaxaca, Mexico, is an unconventional source of starch with added value due to its potential use as an ingredient in the development of new products or as a substitute for conventional starch sources in industrial processes.
Highlights
Starch is currently used as a human food and as an ingredient in the food industry, in animal feed systems, and in industrial applications
Manihot esculenta starch was used as a reference and presented a spherical-truncated shape
The chemical composition of Colocasia antiquorum revealed values of moisture 10.29±0.06, ash 0.18±0.02, protein 2.0±0.10, fat 0.05 ± 0.01, fiber 0.01 ± 0.00, and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) 97.76 ± 0.06% in dry base compared to Manihot esculenta, moisture 6.40±0.11, ash 0.03±0.01, protein 0.05±0.01, fat 0.07±0.01, fiber 0.02±0.00, and NFE 99.82 ± 0.27%
Summary
Starch is currently used as a human food and as an ingredient in the food industry, in animal feed systems, and in industrial applications. New starches with different or better functional properties than conventional starch sources are needed to meet industry demands [3]. Increasing emphasis is being placed on the search for unconventional starch sources with different physicochemical, structural, and functional features These new starches can expand the possible range of starch uses in industry. The most important worldwide root and tuber crops are cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), potato (Solanum tuberosum), yam (Dioscorea spp.), malanga (Colocasia esculenta), and tannia (Xanthosoma spp.). Another potential new use is as an alternative starch source, this will require analysis to quantify its starch’s physicochemical, functional, and nutritional characteristics. The objective of present study was to describe the physicochemical, functional, and nutritional characteristics of starch extracted from Chinese taro (Colocasia antiquorum) grown in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico
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