Physicochemical and biological behaviour of biogenic derived hydroxyapatite and carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate biocomposite coating on Ti6Al4V alloy for biomedical applications

Abstract

In this study, we described the facile synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HAP) through thermal decomposition of Rogu fish bones (Labeo Rohita) and this prized biominerals is used for bone implant applications. The HAP coating on Ti6Al4V alloy was performed through electrophoretic deposition (EPD) along with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) extracted from rice husk and sodium alginate (SA). The physicochemical and structural behaviour of the HAP and its biocomposites were investigated through various characterization techniques such as fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The physicochemical characterizations confirmed the formation of phase pure apatite structure. The HAP and its biocomposites coated implants were investigated in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution to determine the biomineralization on the implant surface. The biomineralization process reveals that the HAP/CMC biocomposite containing 2 wt % SA exhibit better apatite formations on the implant surface than the other biocomposite coated implants (1 wt % and 3 wt % SA). Microhardness of the HAP and its biocomposites were investigated through Vicker's microhardness measurements. The antibacterial activity confirms that the as-synthesized HAP does not possess any bacterial activity. Furthermore, the high surface negative charge of SA containing HAP/CMC biocomposite shows better antibacterial activity against the gram-positive strain. The cell proliferation investigation for the 2 wt % SA containing HAP/CMC biocomposite against MG63 cell line exhibits high cell affinity, which reveals that the HAP/CMC/SA composite confirms the biocompatible nature of the biocomposite.