Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction (UAE) was applied to extract underutilized Madhuca longifolia seed oil. The effect of extraction time, temperature, solvent type, solvent/sample ratio, and amplitude on the oil yield and recovery were investigated. Approximately 56.97% of oil yield and 99.54% of oil recovery were attained using mild conditions of 35min, 35°C, 40% amplitude, isopropanol to acetone (1:1), and solvent to sample (20mL/g). UAE oil yield and recovery were comparable with Soxhlet extraction (SXE) whilst mechanical pressing (ME) yielded<50% of UAE recovery. UAE does not affect the fatty acids composition (46% C18:1; 22% C16:0; 21% C18:0, 10% C18:2), and triacylglycerol profile (23% POO, 17% POS, 16% SOO, and 14% POP). Interestingly, UAE extracted oil conferred remarkably (P<0.05) higher antioxidant capacity (IC50 of DPPH 106.60mg/mL and ABTS 39.80mg/mL) than SXE (IC50 of DPPH 810.40mg/mL and ABTS 757.43mg/mL) or ME (IC50 of DPPH 622.38mg/mL and ABTS 392.87mg/mL).
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