Abstract
The effects of ultrasonic treatment on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Potentilla anserina L. polysaccharides (PAPs) were investigated. A Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize the parameters of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). A maximum yield of 9.43% was achieved at an extraction temperature of 66 °C, ultrasonic power of 205 W, and extraction time of 2.6 h. The chemical structure analyses illustrated that the two PAP extracts using UAE and hot water extraction (HWE) had the same monosaccharide composition but displayed a significant difference in the monosaccharide content, and the molecular weight of PAPUAE was significantly lower than PAPHWE. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed that the ultrasonic treatment did not change the type of glycosidic bonds compared with HWE. In addition, the results from thermogravimetric analysis indicated that different extraction methods had effects on the physical properties of PAPs to some degree. Antioxidant activity assays demonstrated that PAPUAE had higher superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities when cells were exposed to exogenous H2O2 than PAPHWE, and the malondialdehyde levels were also lowered following exposure to PAPUAE. These findings indicated that ultrasound irradiation is a promising technique for polysaccharide extraction from plant materials.
Highlights
Potentilla anserina L., a perennial herb of the Rosaceae family, is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau areas of China
When the temperature exceeded 60 ◦ C, which might have been due to polysaccharide decomposition at higher temperatures
The hydroxyl group of the pyranose ring, indicating the presence of pyranose [24]. These results indicated that the ultrasonic treatment did not influence the glycosidic bond and sugar ring structures, there were some differences in the peak intensities between the products obtained using different extraction methods
Summary
Potentilla anserina L., a perennial herb of the Rosaceae family, is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau areas of China. Current literature indicates that the roots of P. anserina L. mainly contain a variety of biologically active components, such as polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenes, and essential amino acids, especially polysaccharides [2]. Polysaccharides are considered important biological response regulators and their bioactivities have been widely studied, such as their antioxidant, anti-tumor, and immunostimulatory effects, as well as their antiviral and anti-diabetic activities. Antioxidant activity is one of the research hotspots in the polysaccharides field due to its positive effects on health. Researchers have focused on preserving the structure of polysaccharides during extraction, which is crucial to maintaining its bioactivity [3,4,5]
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