Physico-Chemical Properties and Biocompatibility of Thermosensitive Chitosan Lactate and Chitosan Chloride Hydrogels Developed for Tissue Engineering Application.

Katarzyna Pieklarz,Ewa Kucharska,Michał Tylman,Grzegorz Galita,Zofia Modrzejewska,Ireneusz Majsterek,Waldemar Maniukiewicz

doi:10.3390/jfb12020037

Abstract

Recently, the modification of the initial structure of biopolymers, mainly chitosan, has been gaining importance with a view to obtain functional forms with increased practicality and specific properties enabling their use in tissue engineering. Therefore, in this article, the properties (structural and biological) of thermosensitive hydrogels obtained from chitosan lactate/chloride and two types of crosslinking agents (β-glycerol phosphate disodium salt pentahydrate and uridine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt) are discussed. The aim of the research is to identify changes in the structure of the biomaterials during conditioning in water. Structural investigations were carried out by FTIR spectroscopy. The crystallinity of gels was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The biocompatibility (evaluation of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity) of chitosan hydrogels was investigated by contact with human colon adenocarcinoma cell line for 48 h. The cytotoxicity was verified based on the colorimetric resazurin assay, and the genotoxicity was checked by the comet assay (percentage of DNA in the comet tail). The conducted research showed that the analyzed types of chitosan hydrogels are non-cytotoxic and non-genotoxic materials. The good biocompatibility of chitosan hydrogels surfaces makes them interesting scaffolds with clinical potential in tissue regeneration engineering.

Highlights

The research undertaken in the field of tissue engineering, which is an innovative but intensively developing discipline of science based on the issues related to the fields of materials science, biology, biotechnology, chemistry, and biochemistry, has been gaining importance [1,2,3]
This study demonstrates the thermosensitive chitosan lactate and chitosan chloride hydrogels
The biomaterials were prepared via sol–gel technique with the use of two crosslinking agents (β-glycerol phosphate disodium salt pentahydrate (β-GP) and uridine 5 -monophosphate disodium salt (UMP))

Summary

Introduction

The research undertaken in the field of tissue engineering, which is an innovative but intensively developing discipline of science based on the issues related to the fields of materials science, biology, biotechnology, chemistry, and biochemistry, has been gaining importance [1,2,3]. This is because the standard methods of treating damaged tissues, such as pharmacotherapy and transplant techniques, are often of limited effectiveness. It is important that the material for the scaffold is slowly degraded and resorbed [6,7,8,9]

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