Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize Lavandula stoechas (Ladastacho) from the region of Saidona by means of physico-chemical parameters, phenolic profile, in vitro antioxidant activity and volatile compounds. Physico-chemical parameters (pH, acidity, salinity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity and liquid resistivity) were determined using conventional methods. The phenolic profile was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS), whereas a quantitative determination was also accomplished using the total phenolics assay. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl assay. Finally, volatile compounds were determined using headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). The results showed that Lavandula stoechas aqueous extract had a slightly acidic pH, low salinity content and considerable electrochemical properties (electrical conductivity and liquid resistivity along with electric potential). In addition, aqueous fractions showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity, whereas phenolic compounds, such as caffeic acid, quercetin-O-glucoside, lutelin-O-glucuronide and rosmarinic acid, were identified. Finally, numerous volatile compounds were found to dominate the volatile pattern of this flowering plant, producing a strong, penetrating, cool and menthol-like odour.
Highlights
The systematic cultivation and exploitation of the health benefits and beneficial applications of historical flowering plants/herbs is of great value for the modern world as new challenges arise day-by-day
The aim of the present work was to investigate the aqueous and methanolic extracts of Lavandula stoechas in terms of phenolic profile and in vitro antioxidant activity along with volatile compounds; some physico-chemical parameters were considered
Free acidity was in the range of 33 ± 3 g NaOH per 100 g of dried Lavandula stoechas
Summary
The systematic cultivation and exploitation of the health benefits and beneficial applications of historical flowering plants/herbs is of great value for the modern world as new challenges arise day-by-day. Since ancient times, there has been all over the world a systematic use of herbs for the treatment of several health disorders. In Greece, such herbs as oregano, marjoram, dill, fennel, mint, rosemary, mountain tea, sage, chamomile, thyme, parsley and basil have been used to flavour the cuisine or traditional dishes and for medicinal purposes. Another important flowering plant that has a long history is Lavandula or, more commonly, lavender.
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