Physico-chemical parameters of milk of cows with different proportions of blood in the Holstein breed

Abstract

Relevance. Providing the countryʼs population with high-grade food products of its own production is an important task facing the workers of the country›s agro-industrial complex. Milk is such a product. Milk is not only a valuable food product, but also a raw material for the dairy industry. Cattle are one of the main sources of milk, so the study of cowsʼ milk is an urgent task. The aim of the work was to study the physicochemical and sanitary-hygienic indicators of milk of cows of different genotypes by blood relative to the Holstein breed.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the best content of dry matter and its components was milk obtained from cows with a Holstein genotype of 75–91%. In our opinion, this is explained by the effect of reversion to the mean in animals of this group and, to some extent, by the effect of heterosis, which manifested itself when crossing Black-and-White cows and Holstein bulls. Animals with a higher level, ranging from 91% to 97% for Holsteins, had the lowest values in terms of the content of dry matter and its components in milk. In the 4th group, where there were practically purebred cows with a blood ratio of 97% or more according to Holstein, an increase in the dry matter in milk relative to the 3rd group was found.