Abstract
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and eco-friendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency of physical parameters for tailoring the dimension and geometry of nanoparticles during biological synthesis. In the present study, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of various shapes and sizes were obtained by modulating different physical parameters using Trichoderma viride filtrate. The particles were characterized on the basis of visual observation, dynamic light scattering, UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X ray diffraction. While the size varied from 2–500 nm, the shapes obtained were nanospheres, nanotriangles, nanopentagons, nanohexagons, and nanosheets. Changing the parameters such as pH, temperature, time, substrate, and culture filtrate concentration influenced the size and geometry of nanoparticles. Catalytic activity of the biosynthesized GNP was evaluated by UV-visible spectroscopy and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis for the conversion of 4-nitrophenol into 4-aminophenol which was strongly influenced by their structure and dimension. Common practices for biodegradation are traditional, expensive, require large amount of raw material, and time taking. Controlling shapes and sizes of nanoparticles could revolutionize the process of biodegradation that can remove all the hurdles in current scenario.
Highlights
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and ecofriendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency of physical parameters for tailoring the dimension and geometry of nanoparticles during biological synthesis
Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles was evident from the color change of the reaction mixture and confirmation was done by UV-visible spectroscopy (Fig. 1A)
The crystalline nature of gold nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies (Fig. 1B)
Summary
Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained great attention in making the process cost-effective and ecofriendly, but there are limited reports which describe the interdependency of physical parameters for tailoring the dimension and geometry of nanoparticles during biological synthesis. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of various shapes and sizes were obtained by modulating different physical parameters using Trichoderma viride filtrate. While the size varied from 2–500 nm, the shapes obtained were nanospheres, nanotriangles, nanopentagons, nanohexagons, and nanosheets Changing the parameters such as pH, temperature, time, substrate, and culture filtrate concentration influenced the size and geometry of nanoparticles. Fungi like Verticillium sp., Phoma sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Rhizopus oryzae are considered to be the best source for synthesis of nanoparticles[15]. They are the producers of significant amounts of proteins and secondary metabolites secreted extracellularly, which act as both reducing and stabilizing agent for nanoparticles biosynthesis[16]. (c) 2 min (d) 5 min (e) 10 min (f) 24 h (g) 48 h (h) 72 h (B) XRD pattern of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (C) FTIR spectra of cell free extract alone and (D) gold nanoparticles biosynthesized by cell free extract of Trichoderma viride
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
