Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of M\u2019Zar wastewater treatment plant effluents and their impact on the green irrigation of the Golf course

Redouane Choukrallah,Abir Chahouri,Bouchra Yacoubi,Nadia El Ouahmani

doi:10.1007/s40093-019-00316-5

Abstract

PurposeReuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation can be an effective strategy in Morocco to overcome the pressure on freshwater resources. The M’zar wastewater plant is based on percolation infiltration treatment, allowing the purification of the wastewater of Agadir, and with its UV disinfection system, it is now possible to reuse this water for irrigation. In this sense, the aim of our study is to evaluate the microbiological and physicochemical quality of the treated wastewater of this station, used for irrigation of a Golf course as well as to determine its impact on grass and soil.MethodsA monitoring of TWW quality was carried out monthly on the level of the Ocean’s Golf on water samples, grass and soil. This monitoring is related to the physicochemical (pH, temperature, conductivity, STD, COD, and BOD5) and bacteriological characteristics by counting the indicators of faecal contamination, faecal coliforms (FC), faecal streptococci (FS), Salmonella and Vibrios as well as sulphito-reducers spores (SRS).ResultsThe results of microbiological analysis in the three compartments confirm the presence of various organisms such as FC, FS, and SRS in a very significant number with no load in Salmonella and Vibrios during our study period. For physicochemical analyses, we observed that only the conductivity showed fairly a high value of 6.38 dS/m.ConclusionThe obtained physicochemical and bacteriological results revealed that the treated wastewater with the M’zar plant complies with national and international standards.

Highlights

Due to the increasing competition for high-quality freshwater supplies between agricultural and urban uses, in arid and semi-arid regions with high population densities, the reuse of treated wastewater has been an interesting alternative source of irrigation widespread in several mediterranean countries (Angelakis et al 1999; Hochstrat et al 2006)
Both samples W1 and W2 have the same trend in the course of the sampling year, the conductivity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), DBO5 increases as a function of the water temperature (Fig. 2)
The concern of this study is to determine the reusability of the treated wastewater for the irrigation of the Golf course by monitoring the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of the M’zar-treated wastewater and reused in the irrigation of green areas of the Ocean Golf course

Summary

Introduction

Due to the increasing competition for high-quality freshwater supplies between agricultural and urban uses, in arid and semi-arid regions with high population densities, the reuse of treated wastewater has been an interesting alternative source of irrigation widespread in several mediterranean countries (Angelakis et al 1999; Hochstrat et al 2006). Treated wastewater is often an interesting source of water containing the nutrients necessary for the proper fertilization of agricultural land and plant growth and which is always available (Jiménez-Cisneros 1995) The use of this resource in agriculture is a form of water and nutrient recycling, but can cause serious environmental problems due to their high levels of toxic chemicals and pathogens (El. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture (2019) 8 (Suppl 1):S439–S445. The use of treated wastewater in agriculture would preserve water resources, and significantly reduce the misuse of fertilizers (Mouhanni et al 2013)

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