Abstract
BackgroundTelemedicine, or electronic interactive health care consultation, offers a variety of benefits to both patients and primary care clinicians. However, little is known about the opinions of physicians using these modalities.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine physician perceptions, including challenges, risks, and benefits of the use of telemedicine in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient care.MethodsA Web-based, self-administered, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was sent to physicians known to be providing medical care to patients living with HIV in Ontario, Canada. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were used to examine physician perceptions and characteristics of participants.ResultsAmong the 51 invited participants, 48 (94%) completed the survey. Sixty-two percent (29/47) of respondents reported that they used some form of telemedicine to care for HIV patients in their practice. Of the respondents who identified as having used telemedicine in their practice, telephone (86%, 25/29), email (69%, 20/29), and teleconsultation (24%, 7/29) were listed as frequent modalities used. A significant number of physicians (83%, 38/46) agreed that an obstacle to adopting telemedicine is their perception that this modality does not allow for a comprehensive assessment of their patients’ health. In addition, 65% (28/43) of physicians agreed that patients may not feel adequately connected to them as a provider if they used telemedicine. However, 85% (39/46) of respondents believed that telemedicine could improve access and timeliness to care along with increasing the number of times physicians can interact with their patients.ConclusionsFrom the perceptions of physicians, telemedicine shows promise in the care of patients living with HIV. More than half of the respondents are already using telemedicine modalities. Whereas many physicians are concerned about their ability to fully assess the health of a patient via telemedicine, most physicians do see a need for it—to reduce patient travel times, reduce exposure to stigma, and improve efficiency and timely access to care. Challenges and risks such as technological gaps, confidentiality, and medicolegal concerns must be addressed for physicians to feel more comfortable using telemedicine.
Highlights
Telemedicine has been well received by patients, and services delivered via telemedicine are often described as more convenient and comfortable while reducing travel times and HIV-related stigma [3,4,5,6]
Telemedicine or electronic interactive healthcare consultation offers a variety of benefits to both patients and primary care clinicians
Telemedicine allows for real-time specialty consultation with distant health care providers who possess HIV expertise
Summary
What is the state of the art in telemedicine today? What is the state of the art in HIV health care provision through media and distant medical technologies?. Telemedicine in the form of teleconsultation with HIV specialists allows primary care physicians to build their knowledge base, treat patients more confidently and make fewer referrals [2;8]. Telemedicine or electronic interactive healthcare consultation offers a variety of benefits to both patients and primary care clinicians. Telemedicine can reduce travel times, reduce costs associated with travel and time away from work, and offer more privacy and less risk of exposure to HIV-related stigma. Telemedicine allows for real-time specialty consultation with distant health care providers who possess HIV expertise. Telemedicine is important as expert advice from HIV specialists has been linked to improved antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence [7] and significantly better outcomes for patients receiving HAART regimens [8]. Telemedicine has been shown to be especially effective with HIV-positive youth [5]
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