Abstract
The NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission aims at producing high-resolution (9 km) global maps of surface soil moisture based on L-band radar and radiometer measurements. In this study, a physically-based retrieval of the active-passive covariation parameter β from one active-passive (single-pass) SMAP acquisition couple is proposed, circumventing empirical time-series regressions. The key to single-pass retrieval of β is the vegetation correction of the backscatter signal. This can be achieved by use of the measured cross-polarized backscatter signal and parameters appropriately describing the structure of the vegetation volume. These parameters can be derived from the observed Γ-parameters of the SMAP baseline algorithm enabling a fully SMAP data-driven, single-pass estimation of the covariation parameter β without any auxiliary information. Moreover, vegetation structural parameters, indicative of preferential vegetation shape and orientation, are retrieved using the observed Γ-parameters.
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