Abstract
ABSTRACT Tseax volcano erupted ∼ 250 years ago in NW British Columbia, Canada producing tephra deposits and lava flows. Field mapping has defined the stratigraphy of Tseax and the lava flow morphologies. Aerial photogrammetry and bathymetry surveys were used to create a high resolution digital elevation model of the volcano to facilitate mapping and estimates of erupted material volumes. Tseax volcano (∼ 10.4 ± 0.7 × 106 m3) comprises an outer breached spatter rampart and an inner conical tephra cone. Tseax is associated with a 32 km long and 0.49 ± 0.08 km3 basanite-to-tephrite lava flow field covering ∼ 36 km2 and divided into 4 distinct lava flows with heterogeneous surface morphologies. We present a volcanological map of Tseax volcano at a scale of 1:22,500. This will serve as supporting information for further research on the eruptive history of Tseax volcano and the lava flow field emplacement.
Highlights
Tseax volcano known as Aiyansh volcano (Sutherland-Brown, 1969), Aiyansh River volcano or Tseax River Cone (Hanson, 1924; Hickson & Edwards, 2001) is a volcano located in northwestern British Columbia (55.11085° N, 128.89944° W; see Main map)
New mapping has been conducted on Tseax volcano including extensive fieldwork, bathymetric surveys, high resolution mapping aerial photography and photogrammetry
The mapping and characterization of the volcanic products was conducted over three field seasons with the help of high-resolution aerial photographs, photogrammetry and bathymetric surveys
Summary
Tseax volcano (pronounced ‘See-Ax’, Wil Ksi Baxhl Mihl in the Nisga’a language) known as Aiyansh volcano (Sutherland-Brown, 1969), Aiyansh River volcano or Tseax River Cone (Hanson, 1924; Hickson & Edwards, 2001) is a volcano located in northwestern British Columbia (55.11085° N, 128.89944° W; see Main map). The eruption of Tseax volcano, occurred in the late eighteenth century and is the second youngest volcanic eruption in Canada after Lava Fork (Elliot et al, 1981; Hickson & Edwards, 2001) This eruption is believed to be responsible for the destruction of 3 villages and the deaths of up to 2000 people (Barbeau, 1935; Higgins, 2009; Nisga’a Tribal Council & B.C. Parks Committee, 1997; Sutherland-Brown, 1969) making it one of Canada’s deadliest natural disasters (Hickson & Edwards, 2001; Higgins, 2009). The aim of this detailed map is to provide the context to help with understanding the eruptive dynamics of Tseax volcano (i.e. sequence and duration of the volcanic events)
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