Abstract
Physical treatment technologies take advantage of physicochemical properties of the contaminant and the affected media to remediate soil and groundwater. The most significant physicochemical properties of a contaminant in this context include its density, solubility, viscosity, and volatility. Physical properties of the media that can be exploited during site remediation include the physical state (solid, liquid or gas) of the media, its bulk density, moisture content, permeability, porosity, particle size distribution and ability to conduct heat or electric current. Most conventional physical treatment technologies take advantage of the physicochemical properties of both the contaminant and the media. Such remediation technologies include free product recovery, pump and treat, soil vapor extraction, air sparging, groundwater circulation wells, multi-phase extraction, induced fracturing and soil heating. This chapter discusses the application of the above-mentioned physical treatment technologies for soil and groundwater remediation.
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