Abstract
The daily needs of energy in remote areas, Indonesia, is dominated by biomass waste. The abundant types of biomass waste for heat transfer is empty fruits shell (EFS) of oil palm as briquette. This research discussed a brief analysis of oil palm shell by using physical treatment at different crushing pressure. It was also to examine the adequate size of particle for improving the heating value of briquette. The crushing pressure had a height dimension of 20 cm, as well as the briquette mold with a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 1 cm. The oil palm shell which was applied physical treatment at different crushing pressure of 400 J, 550 J, and 700 J, that resulted in particle size is smaller than 800 µm, 800 µm to 1 700 µm, 1 700 µm to 2 000 µm, and bigger than 2 000 µm. The adequate size of particle for briquette was found to be < 800 µm, which reached the heating value of 20 042.32 J g–1 and ash residue of 20 %. This study showed the advantages of oil palm shell briquette by using physical treatment is suitable and sustainable alternative to daily life use in Indonesia.
Highlights
Increasing energy consumption accompanied by depletion of fossil fuel reserves as the main supplier of energy
Lignocellulosic biomass in the form of an empty fruits shell (EFS) obtained from oil palm shell biomass located in Riau, Indonesia, was used in this study
To evaluate the influence of EFS physical treatment to particle size, the treated EFS was sifted with CBN Testing Sieve Shaker
Summary
Increasing energy consumption accompanied by depletion of fossil fuel reserves as the main supplier of energy. It is due to an imbalance between the conversion process rate from biomass to fossil which requires millions of years compared to the rate of human energy consumption. It makes fossil fuel as an unrenewable and sustainable fuel. The increasing need for energy and decreasing reserves of fossil fuel resources, has encouraged researchers to develop renewable energy in the form of briquettes [9, 10]. The present study determined to investigate the effect of the physical treatment for briquette production on the heating value and ash residue content of palm oil shell waste. The use of the oil palm shell waste into briquette is an alternative way to reduce much amount of the waste
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