Physical Training for Pregnant Women: The Theoretical Knowledge and what is Recommended in Gyms

Abstract

Background: Physically active pregnant women have better anatomical and physiological conditions to gestate and give birth when compared to sedentary pregnant women. However, poorly planned physical training during pregnancy can become a problem for maternal-fetal health. Objective: From this point of view, this research was designed to analyze the knowledge of Physical Education professionals about the prescription and supervision of physical training for pregnant women. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was answered by 16 Physical Education professionals from different gyms in the city of Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil. Results: We identified that most participants recommend the practice of flexibility, aerobic, and resistance exercises during pregnancy. Intensity recommendations for aerobic and resistance training for pregnant women ranged from light to moderate. The time of aerobic and resistance exercise recommended by professionals was lower than the internationally recommended (150-300 minutes/week). A significant part of the sample does not recommend resistance exercises that involve the pelvic muscles. No participant knows the six physiological variables that must be controlled in pregnant women who are exercising. Conclusion: These findings show that the participants have an important theoretical limitation on the practice of physical exercise in pregnant women and, consequently, gyms neglect training for pregnant women.