Physical Self Concept in Older Adults

Abstract

Given the paucity of research concerning physical self concept in older adults, the purpose of this study was to explore the physical self concept in this age groups. This study might build a knowledge foundation about older adults' physical perceptions. Five elder subjects participated in semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interview transcripts, field observation notes and focus group transcripts were all integrated for reduction analysis. The grounded theory method was used to conduct the hierarchical and multi-dimensional model. The results showed that physical self in older adults can be categorized as two higher-order themes such as, physical ability and physical appearance. Physical ability comprised 5 sub-themes including muscle endurance, flexibility, health status, physical activity competence and independent living function, whereas physical appearance consisted of 3 sub-themes, including physical attractiveness, body fat and appearance. These findings demonstrate that physical self concept in older adults consisted of some themes similar to those in adults and adolescents that showing the important influence of these themes on physical self-perception. Furthermore, there was a unique theme for the elders, namely independent living function. For the future studies, it is essential to develop methodology and to conduct empirical investigations. Future research also needs to examine the relationship among physical self, physical activity, physical well-being, quality of life and subjective well-being.