Abstract
This study investigated relationships between shorter (505, change-of-direction (COD) deficit as a derived physical quality) and longer (Illinois agility test; IAT) COD tests with linear speed, lower-body power (multidirectional jumping), and strength in recreationally-trained individuals. Twenty-one males and 22 females (similar to collegiate club-sport and tactical athletes) were assessed in: 505 and COD deficit from each leg; IAT; 20 m sprint; vertical jump (VJ height, peak anaerobic power measured in watts (PAPw), power-to-body mass ratio); standing broad jump; lateral jump (LJ) from each leg; and absolute and relative isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) strength. Partial correlations calculated sex-determined relationships between the COD and performance tests, with regression equations calculated (p < 0.05). The 505 and IAT correlated with all tests except PAPw and absolute IMTP (r = ±0.43–0.71). COD deficit correlated with the LJ (r = −0.34–0.60). Left- and right-leg 505 was predicted by sex, 20 m sprint, and left-leg LJ (70–77% explained variance). Right-leg COD deficit was predicted by sex and left-leg LJ (27% explained variance). IAT was predicted by sex, 20 m sprint, right-leg LJ, and relative IMTP (84% explained variance). For individuals with limited training time, improving linear speed, and relative lower-body power and strength, could enhance shorter and longer COD performance.
Highlights
Change-of-direction (COD) speed and agility are essential components in a wide range of sports and activities
There were significant differences between the sexes in all tests except for the left-leg COD deficit, which confirmed the need to control for sex in the correlation and regression analyses
P:BM but not Peak anaerobic power measured in watts (PAPw), and relative isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) but not absolute IMTP, correlated with the 505. These results indicate that males and females typical of collegiate club-sport [8,10,11,12]
Summary
Change-of-direction (COD) speed and agility are essential components in a wide range of sports and activities. COD ability or speed is the physical component of agility, which encompasses linear sprinting, technique, lower-body strength and power, and the ability to effectively decelerate and accelerate [1,2,3]. When measuring COD speed, it is important to note that this quality can be task-specific [4], and coaches must interpret this quality within the context of the assessment that was utilized. Lockie [5] detailed that COD speed tests can be grouped under shorter or longer distance, and these can have different applications for coaches and athletes. An example of a shorter distance COD speed test is the 505 [5]. The 505 involves a 10 m sprint past a timing gate, a further 5 m sprint to a turning line where the individual completes a 180◦
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