Abstract
In this study, beech wood was treated in hot oil and in hot air to determine the differences in the effects of the two processes on the physical properties of the wood. Heat treatment was conducted at temperatures of 160, 190, and 220 °C for 2 h at atmospheric pressure. After the heat treatment, various properties of the wood, including mass increase in hot oil treatment (wt% gain), mass loss in hot air treatment (wt% loss), oven-dried density, swelling, equilibrium moisture content, fiber saturation point, and moisture content were determined. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the differences in mass change and volumetric swelling, and the findings were analyzed statistically. The results showed that heat treatment in hot oil influenced the physical properties of beech wood more than treatment in hot air. However, the extensive uptake of oil by the wood samples, resulting in mass increases, was a negative issue associated with the hot oil treatment.
Highlights
Heat treatment is a method that modifies the properties of wood, including its biological durability, dimensional stability, hygroscopicity, and color
The results indicated that all of the groups treated with oil were affected to a greater extent by the heat treatment than those treated with hot air
Some physical properties of beech wood heat-treated in hot oil and in hot air were investigated, i.e., mass change, swelling percentage, anisotropic factor, equilibrium moisture content, fiber saturation point, and moisture content
Summary
Heat treatment is a method that modifies the properties of wood, including its biological durability, dimensional stability, hygroscopicity, and color. Industrial production of wood that has been heat treated with hot oil and hot air increases day by day because these treatment processes are more environmentally-friendly methods than other processes that have been used in the past (Gunduz et al 2009, Korkut 2012, Garcia et al 2012, Cademartori et al 2013). The process was patented by Sailer and Rapp 2001 When this process is used, hot oil blocks the contact between wood and oxygen. Heat treatment in hot oil has less effect on the mechanical properties than hot air (Sailer and Rapp 2001). Bazyar 2012, tested the physical properties of heat-treated aspen wood using linseed oil and reported decreased volumetric swelling, decreased equilibrium moisture content, decreased water absorption, and improved resistance to decay.
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