Abstract
Direct measurements of blood flow and pressures are not attempted in long-term clinical use of artificial hearts due to difficulties, such as blockage by thrombus formation at the transducer and invasive location of the transducer. We developed a technique for a beat-by-beat basis on-line estimation of blood flow and aortic and left atrial pressures for use with a portable closed-loop pneumatic artificial heart drive system. This technique is based on non-invasive measurements of the driving conditions and physical models of the actuator and pump system. In vitro tests showed sufficient linear correlations between the actual pressures and stroke volume and their estimates on a beat-by-beat basis. This is an indication of in vivo success in the realtime computational technique.
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