Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the Streptococcus mutans biofilm influence on the roughness (Ra), gloss (GU), surface hardness (KHN) and flexural strength (FS) of high viscosity bulk fill composites. Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF), Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill (TNC), X-tra fil Bulk Fill (XF) and Filtek Z350 (FZ) were used. Ten discs of each composite were prepared for Ra, KHN and GU and 20 bars for the FS. After 24 h, specimens were polished and initial analyzes performed. Samples were sterilized and subjected to biodegradation for 7 days and final analyzes performed. Representative samples of each group were evaluated in Scanning Electron Microscope. Data were submitted to ANOVA two factors and Tukey test. XF presented the highest values (p<0.05) of Ra before and after biodegradation (0.1251; 0.3100), and FZ (0.1443) the lowest after biodegradation (p<0.05). The highest GU values (p<0.05) were observed for FZ (71.7; 62) and FBF (69.0; 64.6), and the lowest (p<0.05) for TNC (61.4; 53.3) and XF (58.5; 53.5), both before and after biodegradation. For KHN the highest values were obtained by XF (151.7; 106), and the (p< 0.05) lowest values for TNC (62.2; 51.8), both before and after biodegradation. The highest values (p<0.05) of FS were observed for FZ (127.6) and the lowest (p<0.05) for TNC (86.9); after biodegradation, XF (117.7) presented the highest (p<0.05) values compared to TNC and FZ." In conclusion, biodegradation increased Ra and decreased GU and KHN for all. Concerning FS, degradation provided a significant decreased value only for FZ.
Highlights
Due to greater demand for aesthetics in dentistry, the composite resin has been the material of choice for direct restorative treatment
Despite the evolution of composite resins related to filler content, resin matrix and initiator systems [3], biofilm is the highest challenge for restorative materials on oral cavity
It was observed that Filtek Z350 (FZ) and Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF) showed the highest gloss values before and after the biodegradation in relation others materials (p
Summary
Due to greater demand for aesthetics in dentistry, the composite resin has been the material of choice for direct restorative treatment. These composites require a short activation time due to the modification of the initiation system that includes higher concentrations of conventional photoinitiators and reduced light scattering at the filler-matrix interface by decreasing the filler amount or increasing the filler size [2], providing satisfactory material polymerization. Despite the evolution of composite resins related to filler content, resin matrix and initiator systems [3], biofilm is the highest challenge for restorative materials on oral cavity. The cariogenic bacteria from dental biofilm denominated Streptococcus mutans, is capable of degrading the resin matrix of composites not just because of their esterase activity and by producing acids and decreasing the pH environment [5]. Further the destructive effect on the polymers, it may affect the materials properties in short or long term [6]
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