Abstract
Physical maps of the 18S-26S rDNA ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) were generated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for Camellia reticulata polyploid complex, including three types of ploidy of C. reticulata and its related species, C. japonica, C. yunnanensis, C. pitardii and C. saluenensis. The advanced method was used for preparing chromosome spreads. Eight, 12 and 18 rDNA sites were observed on the genomes of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid C. reticulata. Eight, four, five, and four rDNA loci located on the chromosomes of C. pitardii, C. japonica, C. saluenensis and C. yunnanensis respectively. The number and position of rDNA sites in these species were compared for analysis. The results support some of the earlier phylogenetic speculation about this complex and suggest that some chromosomal structural rearrangements have occurred. The multiplicity, variation in size and site numbers between polyploid C. reticulata and its putative diploid ancestors indicate that the behavior of rDNA loci in the complex is considerably more complex than previously envisioned.
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