Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a critical plant virus, has caused significant economic losses in cucurbit crops worldwide. It has not been proved that CGMMV can be transmitted by an insect vector. In this study, the physical contact transmission of CGMMV by Myzus persicae in Nicotiana benthamiana plants was confirmed under laboratory conditions. The acquisition rate increased with time, and most aphids acquired CGMMV at 72 h of the acquisition access period (AAP). Besides, the acquired CGMMV was retained in the aphids for about 12 h, which was efficiently transmitted back to the healthy N. benthamiana plants. More importantly, further experiments suggested that the transmission was mediated by physical contact rather than the specific interaction between insect vector and plant virus. The results obtained in our study contribute to the development of new control strategies for CGMMV in the field.
Highlights
Plant viruses spread among their host plants in the field through a variety of ways, including insect vectors
To determine whether M. persicae acquired the Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) virions through feeding, CGMMVinfected N. benthamiana plants were used as the inoculation source via agroinfiltration
We discovered that CGMMV was successfully acquired, retained and transmitted in N. benthamiana plants by M. persicae
Summary
Plant viruses spread among their host plants in the field through a variety of ways, including insect vectors. Over 75% known plant viruses are transmitted in the field by insect vectors by three different modes, including non-persistent, semi-persistent and persistent [1]. The semi-persistently transmitted viruses can be retained in insect foreguts for a few hours to several days after insect acquisition. As for the persistently transmitted viruses, they first infect the epithelial cells of insect midguts or hindgut, enter the hemolymph or other tissues, and move into the salivary glands. During this infection process, these viruses can survive inside the insect vectors for several days to the whole life [1,2,3,4]. The specific interactions between insect vector receptors and viral proteins, like glycoprotein and coat protein (CP), play an essential role in the acquisition and transmission of plant viruses in the field [5, 6]
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