Physical conditions of the gas in an ALMA [C ii]-identified submillimetre galaxy at z = 4.44

Abstract

Abstract We present 12CO(2–1) observations of the submillimetre galaxy ALESS65.1 performed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) at 42.3 GHz. A previous Atacama Large Millimeter Array study of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South detected [C ii] 157.74 μm emission from this galaxy at a redshift of z = 4.44. No 12CO(2–1) emission was detected but we derive a firm upper limit to the cold gas mass in ALESS65.1 of $M_{\rm gas} < 1.7 \times 10^{10} {\rm M}_{{\odot }}$. The estimated gas depletion time-scale is <50 Myr, which is similar to other high-redshift SMGs, and consistent with z > 4 SMGs being the likely progenitors of massive red-and-dead galaxies at z > 2. The ratio of the [C ii], 12CO and far-infrared luminosities implies a strong far-ultraviolet field of G0 ≳ 103, as seen in Galactic star-forming regions or local ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). The observed $L_{\rm [C {\small {II}}]}/L_{\rm FIR} = 2.3 \times 10^{-3}$ is high compared to local ULIRGs and, combined with $L_{\rm [C {\small {II}}]}/L_{\rm CO} \gtrsim 2700$, it is consistent with ALESS65.1 either having an extended (several kpc) [C ii] emitting region or lower than solar metallicity.