Abstract
BackgroundObesity and estrogen deprivation are significant risk factors for dementia. Dietary intervention, a cornerstone of obesity management, has shown promising effects on improving cognitive function in obese individuals. A growing body of evidence has revealed that physical activity, particularly the combined physical-cognitive exercise, has beneficial effects on cognition, metabolic and cardiovascular profiles of adults with metabolic syndrome and postmenopausal women. Given the positive effects of both dietary and exercise interventions on cognition, it is posited that the combined intervention would provide greater benefits than each intervention alone. Therefore, the present randomized clinical trial will be conducted to evaluate the effects of combined physical-cognitive and dietary intervention on both cognitive function and circulating biomarkers of postmenopausal women with obesity. MethodsA four-arm randomized controlled trial with blinded assessor will be conducted. Ninety-two participants with postmenopausal obese women will be randomly divided into one of four groups: dietary intervention group, physical-cognitive intervention group, physical-cognitive and dietary intervention group, or control group. Participants in the three intervention groups will receive a 12-week home-based program, while those in the control group will maintain and continue their caloric intake and usual activities. The main outcomes will be executive functions, episodic memory, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level. All outcomes will be assessed at pre-and post-12-week intervention. DiscussionResearch evidence has established the benefits of physical-cognitive training and dietary intervention on cognition. It is expected that the combined physical-cognitive and dietary intervention may further exhibit synergistic effects on cognition beyond the results of either physical-cognitive or dietary intervention alone. Trial registrationThis study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04768725).
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