Abstract
Ice frozen from a dilute chemical solution is mechanically weaker than ice frozen from pure water. If a chemical additive is applied to moist coal prior to its shipment during freezing weather, the resulting frozen coal can be more easily broken. There has been considerable research into the nature and mechanical strength of ice frozen from various solutions. In this paper, literature relating to this process as well as literature relating to the chemical treatment of coal and mineral particulates is reviewed. Some important articles are discussed and speculations made about the nature of the ice-weakening process. A laboratory evaluation of the effects of chemical additives on the mechanical strength of ice and frozen coal has been made. An apparatus designed for this purpose is described, and some results obtained with it are discussed.
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