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Abstract
Since hog raising concentrates a huge amount of swine manure in small areas, it is considered by the environmental government organizations to be one of the most potentially pollutant activities. Therefore the main objective of this research was to evaluate by operational criteria and removal efficiency, the performance of a Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR), working as a biological pre-treatment of swine culture effluents. The physical-chemical analyses carried out were: total COD, BOD5, total solids (TS), fix (TFS) and volatiles (TVS), temperature, pH, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, phosphorus, total acidity and alkalinity. The ABR unit worked with an average efficiency of 65.2 and 76.2%, respectively, concerning total COD and BOD5, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) about 15 hours. The results for volumetric organic loading rate (VOLR), organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) were: 4.46 kg BOD m-3 day-1; 1.81 kg BOD5 kg TVS-1 day-1 and 1.57 m3 m-3 day-1, respectively. The average efficiency of the whole treatment system for total COD and BOD5 removal were 66.5 and 77.8%, showing an adequate performance in removing the organic matter from swine wastewater.
Highlights
Hog raising is a livestock raising activity that generates dejects and mostly uses small areas
The velocity of hydrolysis is highly dependent on temperature, since it is known that, the process is a chemical reaction catalyzed by enzymes, which are very sensible to temperature oscillations
Santana and Oliveira (2005), quote the mesophilic range as appropriate for biological anaerobic degradation processes of organic matter, the average temperature is below the range quoted by Chernicharo (2007)
Summary
Hog raising is a livestock raising activity that generates dejects and mostly uses small areas. The production and accumulation of large quantities of hog raising residues make this activity potentially pollutant for the soil, water and air (PEREIRA et al, 2010). Interest in knowledge of the anaerobic digestion process has grown considerably in Brazil. This process of stabilizing organic matter has been shown to be suitable for the tropical climate. Anaerobic reactors are used in this process and consist of an active biomass that digests the biodegradable substrates and transforms them into other by-products (CAMPOS et al, 2010)
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