Abstract
Biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics (BCP) consist of a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) within the same particle. Due to their osteoconductive properties, biocompatibility and resemblance to natural bone, these materials have become a promising and suitable alternative to autologous bone grafting. First, the topography characteristics, specific surface area, and total pore volume of BCP were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and the BET and BJH methods. Next, this study aimed to evaluate the intensity of the inflammatory process and the bone neoformation capacity of various particle sizes of BCP in the repair of critical defects in the calvaria of rats. A xenogeneic biomaterial was used in the control group. After 30, 60, and 90 days, the animals were euthanized, followed by the processing of the samples to measure the intensity of inflammatory infiltrates and the areas of bone neoformation. Our results indicate that no considerable differences were observed in the inflammatory scores in sites treated with distinct BCP grain sizes. A greater area of bone neoformation was measured in the xenogeneic group at all analysis times, with no substantial differences in bone formation between the BCP particle size in the range of 250–500 µm and 500–1000 µm.
Highlights
Biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics (BCP) consist of a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) within the same particle
Given that no significant difference existed in bone neoformation when biphasic biomaterials with divergent granulations were used, the option for smaller or larger particles should fall on professional preference, the ease of manipulation and insertion, combined use with other materials, and the clinical condition that requires the regenerative procedure
The results of the present study demonstrate that biphasic ceramics have a higher total pore volume and a smaller specific surface area than xenogeneic materials
Summary
Biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics (BCP) consist of a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) within the same particle. Over the past few decades, considerable effort has been devoted to developing biomaterials for diverse clinical regenerative applications All of these bone grafts should meet specific requirements in order to develop healthy bone tissue neoformation. Mainly hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate, whose chemical formulas are Ca10(PO4)6(OH)[2] and Ca3(PO4), respectively, have structural, chemical, and physical similarities with the human bone mineral matrix and their osteoconductive properties are widely k nown[4,11,12]. These ceramics can Scientific Reports | (2021) 11:4484
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