Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the physical characteristics, seed health, and seedling emergence of nine Ilex paraguariensis mother trees. Physical characterization included determining the thousand-seed weight, number of seeds per kilogram, and moisture content. Viability and embryonic development were determined by the tetrazolium test, using five replications of 20 seeds for each mother tree. Seedling emergence was evaluated under three treatments: non-stratified seeds, seeds stored for 70 days, and seeds stratified for 180 days, using three replications of 2 g, being sown in a commercial substrate. Sanitary analysis was conducted by Blotter-test, using five repetitions of 20 non-disinfested seeds. Significant results were observed among the mother trees for physical and biometric variables. The initial seed viability was 52%, with embryos in the heart and post-heart stages. The most prevalent fungal genera in yerba mate seeds were Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp.
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