Abstract
Pigeon pea is an underutilized legume in Indonesia. Information about the physical characteristics, nutrients, and antinutrients composition of pigeon pea is needed to develop pigeon pea-based food products. This research aimed to evaluate the physical characteristics, nutrients, and antinutrients composition of pigeon pea grown in different regions of Indonesia, i.e., Bali, Yogyakarta, and Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). The results showed that the physical characteristics, nutrients, and antinutrients composition differed significantly. The weight of pigeon pea seeds ranged from 7.49-13.29 g/100 seeds, hydration capacity was 0.07-0.15 g/seed, hydration index was 0.90-1.14, swelling capacity varied from 0.06-0.15 mL/seed, and the swelling index was 1.06-1.54. Pigeon pea was a potential source of protein (23.96-24.20%) and starch (40.55-42.80%). The highest protein content was found in pigeon pea from Yogyakarta, whereas the highest starch content was found in pigeon pea from NTB. The contents of vitamin C, E, A varied from 25.13-28.21 mg/100 g, 67.44-100.51 mg/100 g, and 1,248.83-2,303.86 µg/100 g, respectively. Potassium was the most abundant mineral in pigeon pea (479.66-1.455.51 mg/100 g). Pigeon pea from Yogyakarta had the highest phytic acid content, HCN, tannins at 841.24 ppm, 46.60 ppm, and 378.45 mg/100 g, respectively
Highlights
IntroductionLeguminosae is the family of a flowering plant comprising 650 to 750 genera and 18,000 to 19,000 species
This research aimed to evaluate the physical characteristics, nutrients, and antinutrients composition of pigeon pea grown in various regions of Indonesia, i.e., Bali, Yogyakarta, and Nusa Tenggara Barat
The dimensions of pigeon pea from Indonesia ranged from 5.07-5.99 mm, 4.83-5.58 mm, and 4.07-5.05 mm
Summary
Leguminosae is the family of a flowering plant comprising 650 to 750 genera and 18,000 to 19,000 species. This family is widely known as legumes, which are classified into four subfamilies: Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae, Papilionoideae, and Swartzioideade (Ahmed and Hasan, 2014). Legumes can be an alternative to meet nutritional needs and fight several diseases, Various countries have used legumes as their primary food sources, such as pigeon pea, chickpea, and lentils in South Asia, kidney beans in Latin America, chickpea, lentils, faba beans in North Africa, and the Middle East (Ahmed and Hasan, 2014). Indonesia has various legumes that Indonesian people have not utilized optimally, one of which is pigeon pea.
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