Physical Characteristics and UV Protection (In Vitro) of Gambier Leaf Extract Lotion

Abstract

Nowadays, sun care products become one of the most developed market amounts of 13.5 billion USD in 2020 and projected to become 20.1 billion USD in 2027, growing by 5.8% per year. The need for sun care products derived from natural ingredients is also increasing as people worry about the side effect of synthetic material. Gambier leaf contains a lot of polyphenol compounds such as catechin that have antioxidant properties. Antioxidant is useful as a defense system against free radicals and ultraviolet radiation. The Objective of the research was to find out the physical characteristics (stability, color, pH, viscosity) and the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) score of sunscreen lotions containing extract gambier leaf. Gambier leaf extract was formulated into lotions with different concentrations: 0% (control); 0,25%; 0,5%; and 1% with three replicates. The ability of the lotion with gambier leaf extract as sunscreen was measured by determining SPF (Sun Protection Factor) score in vitro using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The result showed that lotion with 0%; 0.25%; 0.5%; and 1.0% concentration has good physical stability during storage. Lotion’s SPF scoring showed that the SPF score in the lotion was increasing along with the addition of gambier leaf extract on each concentration. The SPF score for the concentration 0.25%; 0.5%; and 1.0%. were as follows: 7.01; 12.45; dan 26.55; and pH was about 5.55 – 6.93. Gambier extract with a concentration of 1.0% can be applied for the formulation of SPF lotion