Abstract
Revetment elements and protective facilities on a breakwater can effectively weaken the impact of waves. In order to resist storm surges, there is a plan to build a breakwater on the northern shore of Meizhou Bay in Putian City, China. To better design it, considering different environmental conditions, physical and numerical experiments were carried out to accurately study the effects of the breakwater and its auxiliary structures on wave propagation. In the experiments, the influence of the wave type, initial water depth, and the structure of the fence plate are considered. The wave run-up and dissipation, the wave overtopping volume, and the structure stability are analyzed. The results indicate that the breakwater can effectively resist the wave impact, reduce the wave run-up and overtopping, and protect the rear buildings. In addition, under the same still water depth and significant wave height, the amount of overtopped water under regular waves is larger than that under irregular waves. With the increase of the still water depth and significant wave height, the overtopped water increases, which means that when the storm surge occurs, damage on the breakwater under the high tide level is greater than that under the low tide level. Besides, the fence plate can effectively dissipate energy and reduce the overtopping volume by generating eddy current in the cavity. Considering the stability and the energy dissipation capacity of the fence plate, it is suggested that a gap ratio of 50% is reasonable.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilWave load is one of the main factors endangering coastal and marine structures.Breakwaters and protective facilities can be effective in resisting wave impacts
After the wave overtopping, the wave overtopping volume is analyzed to evaluate whether the breakwater can effectively prevent waves and the overtopping volume is allowable
The effects of the breakwater and its elements on the wave propagation and energy dissipation are discussed under different gap ratios
Summary
The physical and numerical models were defined based on the breakwater design layout to be built on the north shore of Meizhou Bay [18,19]. The breakwater adopts the stepped revetment structure composed of a wave platform, a first step slope, a berm, and a second step slope (Figure 2). The whole surface of the breakwater is covered with a fence plate structure, which can break the waves on a small scale through the cavities. The block revetment structure is arranged on the breakwater, including the armor block at the foot of the breakwater and the wave dissipation ridge on the wave platform. The wave dissipation ridge with a length of 1.2 m and a top elevation of 5.4 m is arranged on the wave platform, which divides the wave platform into two sections. The total length of the wave platform and the wave dissipation ridge is 11.5 m. The berm with a length of 5.0 m and a height of 3.0 m is set under the wave platform. The bottom elevation of the armor block is −1.1 m and the top elevation is 0.2 m
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