Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Polymer Glasses. VI. the Role of Free Volume

Abstract

For various polymer glasses, the temperature-induced recovery of residual deformation was studied. The ratio between the low-temperature and high-temperature recovery components is controlled by the difference between deformation temperature and glass transition temperature T g of polymer samples independently of their chemical structure. This ratio correlates with polymer macroscopic mechanical characteristics such as elastic modulus and yield stress. Experimental results were treated in terms of the dynamics of segmental mobility within different structural sublevels with different packing densities. To correlate this mechanical response with the structural state of glassy polymers, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) was used. For different polymer glasses, the microscopic segmental mobility and resultant macroscopic mechanical properties were shown to be controlled only by the development of the adequate free volume content which depends on the difference between testing temperature and T g . These results allowed us to propose the general correlation between microstructure, microscopic molecular mobility, and Macroscopic mechanical behavior of polymer glasses.