Abstract
A potential low cost and environmentally friendly supercapacitor has been prepared from Palm Kernel Shell Biochar (PKSB). In this study, physical and electrochemical properties of raw, activated and chemical treated (potassium hydroxide (KOH)) as supercapacitors such as high carbon content, high charge storage capacity and stable were evaluated. For physical analyses, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the surface morphology and surface area and porosity were measured using Brunaurer-Emmert-Teller (BET). The chemical treated PKSB shows the highest surface area values of 55.15 m2/g as compared to raw and activated samples with surface area are 0.17 m2/g and 19.32 m2/g, respectively. This is verified by in enhancement of capacitance achieved from 1.76 × 10−3 Fg-1 for the activated biochar and 1.87 × 10−6 Fg-1 for untreated PKSB showed by Raman spectroscopy. This enhancement reflected the charge storage capacity is attributed to the creation of broad distribution in pore size and a larger surface area. In addition, this phenomenon also supported by the electrochemical profiles through cyclic voltammogram (CV) measured by Potentiostat-Gavanostat (EIS). CV of the treated PKSB gave better square shape than the activated and raw biochar samples. These characterizations conclude that the raw palm kernel biochar need further treatment to become supercapacitor electrodes to replace activated carbon.
Highlights
In response to the changing global landscape, energy has become a primary focus of the major world powers and scientific community
The charge-storage process for supercapacitor is highly reversible, resulting in longer cycle-life compare to other power storage devices [3]. Advanced carbon materials, such as grapheme, carbon nanotubes and carbon onions from metal carbide have shown high capacitance and high power density in electrochemical supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors. Those advanced carbon materials will be significantly limited by high cost [4]
This paper aimed at comparing physical – electrochemical characterization of palm kernel shellbiochar as supercapacitor electrodes
Summary
In response to the changing global landscape, energy has become a primary focus of the major world powers and scientific community. There has been great interest in developing and refining more efficient energy storage devices One such device, the supercapacitor, has matured significantly over the last decade and emerged with the potential to facilitate major advances in energy storage. The charge-storage process for supercapacitor is highly reversible, resulting in longer cycle-life compare to other power storage devices [3]. Advanced carbon materials, such as grapheme, carbon nanotubes and carbon onions from metal carbide have shown high capacitance and high power density in electrochemical supercapacitors and hybrid supercapacitors. Hierarchical carbon materials, prepared from sustainable precursors with scalable processes, would be of great benefit to large scale application of supercapacitor in energy storage and conservation
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