Physical and Cup Quality Attributes of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Varieties Grown in Highlands of Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia

Melese Wale Mengistu,Melkamu Alemayehu Workie,Abrar Sualeh Mohammed

doi:10.1155/2020/6420363

Melese Wale Mengistu, Melkamu Alemayehu Workie + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6420363

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Abstract

Coffee is the second most traded commodity worldwide after oil both in terms of volume and value. The study was therefore initiated to evaluate the quality of highland coffee varieties grown in the region. For this purpose, coffee bean samples of the varieties Merdacheriko, Yachi, Wush Wush, Buno wash, 741, 7440, Ababuna, and Ageze were collected from trees which were grown in Adet and Woramit Agricultural Research Centers in RCBD with three replications. Physical (length and width of coffee beans, 100 bean weight, screen sizes, and raw quality) and cup quality (aromatic intensity, aromatic quality, acidity, astringency, bitterness, body, flavor, overall standard, and total cup quality) parameters, as well as total coffee quality, were evaluated by a team of certified panelists at Jimma Agricultural Research Center. The results depicted significant variations in physical quality parameters of coffee varieties, while the cup and total qualities of coffee varieties in WARC and in AARC were similar. In WARC, Buno wash, Wush Wush, and Ababuna coffee varieties showed better physical quality in terms of 100 bean weight, bean length, bean width, and screen size, while varieties Buno wash and Wush Wush showed better physical quality only in terms of 100 bean weight and bean length in AARC. Cup quality of coffee varieties grown in WARC ranged from 48.16% to 51.33% while that of coffees grown in AARC ranged from 45.00% to 50.83%. Total coffee quality in WARC was at the range from 85.50 to 89.33% while in AARC from 81.66 to 87.83%, which is within the standard of Ethiopian Commodity Exchange for coffee. All the tested varieties of Arabica coffee can be therefore used to produce coffee in both study areas and areas with similar agroecology of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Further research on the yield performance of the coffee varieties is also recommended.

Highlights

Coffee is the second most traded commodity worldwide after oil both in terms of volume and value [1]. e crop is grown in the tropical and subtropical climates of the world where over 10.2 million hectares of land in more than 80 countries are covered by the crop
At Woramit Agricultural Research Center, the highest coffee bean lengths were recorded from Wush Wush (10.6 mm), Buno wash (10.52 mm), Merdacheriko (10.13 mm), and Ageze (10.19 mm) coffee varieties, which were statistically similar when compared each other. e smallest bean lengths were recorded from Yachi (9.63 mm), 741 (9.81 mm), 7440 (9.81 mm), and Ababuna (9.82 mm) varieties, which were similar statistically (Table 2)
Bean lengths of coffee varieties grown at Agricultural Research Center (AARC) were relatively longer than those grown in Woramit Agricultural Research Center (WARC), which could be associated with the environmental conditions of the research sites

Summary

Introduction

Coffee is the second most traded commodity worldwide after oil both in terms of volume and value [1]. e crop is grown in the tropical and subtropical climates of the world where over 10.2 million hectares of land in more than 80 countries are covered by the crop. E crop is grown in the tropical and subtropical climates of the world where over 10.2 million hectares of land in more than 80 countries are covered by the crop. Coffee is a significant source of income for several developing countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America [2], including Ethiopia. Brazil is the leading coffee producing country followed by Vietnam, which accounted for about 40% and 20% of the global coffee supply, respectively. Ethiopia is the largest coffee producer in Africa and ranks fifth in the world next to Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia. E production of coffee in Ethiopia is showing an increasing trend where the current production is estimated to be 449,229.8 t on 725,961.2 hectares of land with an average productivity of 0.612 t ha−1 clean coffee as indicated by Central Statistical Agency (CSA) [4]. In the Amhara region, the production of coffee is estimated to be 3,006.8 t with the productivity of 0.302 t ha−1 [4]

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