Abstract
Background: Comprehensive geriatric evaluation should include a functional and cognitive assessment to guide the intervention of interdisciplinary teams. The aim of this study was to analyze the physical capacities of institutionalized elderly people and to describe the preventive actions of physical activity and music therapy as non-invasive preventive pharmacological treatments given their importance for the cognitive and functional performance of elderly people. An observational and descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The participants in the study were 109 elderly people institutionalized in three residential centers with a mean age of 83.41 years (SD = 8.72). Findings: Most of the residents had very impaired physical faculties. However, cognitive impairment was not very high. Most residents (55.04%) had some form of dementia and/or high blood pressure (54.12%) followed by pathologies such as diabetes (27.52%), heart failure (17.43%), Parkinson’s disease (9.17%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (8.25%). There were no differences in cognitive or physical capacity among the residents according to sex, age, or education and only those who had worked in the service sector had less cognitive capacity than those who had worked in the agricultural sector or as housewives. Applications: Facilitate the creation and development of programs based on physical activity and music therapy in residential centers that can prevent and improve pathologies on the elderly.
Highlights
Martín and Barros [4] show that 73.4% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 72.5–74.1) of the total deaths in 2017 were the result of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), while communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) causes accounted for 18.6% (17.9–19.6) and accidents for 8.0% (7.7–8.2)
Ethical research protocols were followed, with a special emphasis on confidentiality. Since it is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, the deontological standards recognized by the Declaration of Helsinki (Hong Kong revision, September 1989, updated to 2013), the code of good scientific practices approved by the Higher Center for Scientific Research (CSIC) in March 2010 and the good practice agreements adopted by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), as well as the AERA standards
With respect to the health characteristics of the residents of the 109 residents assessed, 27.52% suffered from diabetes, 55.04% from some type of dementia, 9.17% from
Summary
In the list of causes of the GBD, three categories are included: transmissible diseases, maternal, neonatal and nutritional; non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and accidents. Aging makes elderly people prone to suffer different diseases at the same time. The aim of this study was to analyze the physical capacities of institutionalized elderly people and to describe the preventive actions of physical activity and music therapy as non-invasive preventive pharmacological treatments given their importance for the cognitive and functional performance of elderly people. The participants in the study were 109 elderly people institutionalized in three residential centers with a mean age of 83.41 years (SD = 8.72). Applications: Facilitate the creation and development of programs based on physical activity and music therapy in residential centers that can prevent and improve pathologies on the elderly
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