Abstract
This study aims to determine the physical characteristics of rice straw and highlights the presence of sugar in rice straw. The use of natural fibers as a reinforcement in construction has existed for millennia. They are mixed with clay to make building materials. This addition avoids cracks and sometimes contributes to flexural strength. Researchers have detected a high level of sugar in natural fibers. This sugar contained in the biomass is at the origin of the setting delay and the hardening of the building materials. Another not least significant defect found in natural fiber is its high water absorption potential. This hydrophilic character is due to the intrinsic porosity of the straws. This article aims to determine the physical characteristics of rice straw and highlights the presence of sugar in rice straw. First, the density and water absorption rate of the rice straw were determined. Then chemical tests were carried out to determine the rate of mineral constituents (ash), lignin, hemicellulose and finally the rate of cellulose is deduced. Like most crop straws, rice straw contains a high level of sugar. It also has a very low density compared to other building materials. It is around 450 kg/m3. Rice straw also has a high water absorption rate. The absorption rate absorption rate (At) 5 min of immersion in water, its absorption rate reaches 234%.
Highlights
The improvement of the mechanical characteristics of the earth by the reinforcement in natural fiber, the incorporation of horsehair or agricultural waste has been used for several decades (Mahamat et al, 2015)
At 48 h of immersion, it reaches 348%. This final absorption rate is in the same order of magnitude as the results obtained by Nguyen et al (2009) on honeysuckle particles, which is 406% during two days of immersion
The total porosity of rice straws is estimated at 93%
Summary
The improvement of the mechanical characteristics of the earth by the reinforcement in natural fiber, the incorporation of horsehair or agricultural waste has been used for several decades (Mahamat et al, 2015). Industrialization and scientific research on composite materials reinforced with vegetable fibers for their recovery in buildings is recent They date from the 1970s, where asbestos fibers were replaced by plant fibers in the prefabricated elements, and fiber cement profiles (cladding, tiles, plates, etc.) (Calvet et al, 1974). The allocation of plant fibers in construction allows the reduction of greenhouse gases in the environment compared to mineral binders (cement and lime) These vegetable fibers are renewable raw materials, biodegradable and neutral vis-à-vis CO2 emissions and they are not demanding in terms of gray energy for their production (Baley, 2013). These vegetable fibers are an alternative to synthetic fibers (metallic, mineral or polymeric fibers) in developing countries
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