Physical activity, physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk amongst adults with moderate and severe haemophilia.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine physical activity (PA), physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk amongst people with moderate and severe haemophilia (PwMSH). The following domains were examined: PA (accelerometry); functional aerobic capacity (6-Minute Walk Test); grip strength (dynamometry); balance (One Leg Stand Test); body composition (anthropometry and bioimpedance analysis); blood pressure; arterial stiffness;and cardiometabolic disorders. A total of 53 PwMSH (44 years) and 33 controls (43 years; p=.679) were recruited. Compared to controls, PwMSH were significantly less active in moderate and vigorous PA parameters (all p<.05), and less physically fit indicated by 6-Minute Walk distance (p<.0005), grip strength (p=.040) and balance (p<.0005). PwMSH had higher rates of abdominal adiposity compared to controls measured by waist circumference indices (all p<.05). Resting blood pressure and arterial stiffness were not significantly different (p=.797 and .818, respectively). With respect to overall PA, World Health Organisation recommended targets for adults were achieved by the majority of both groups (haemophilia: 72.9% vs. controls: 90.0%; p=.069). Importantly, the number of PwMSH who achieved guideline recommended PA via longer, sustained bouts of moderate-vigorous PA was significantly lower compared to controls (18.8% vs. 56.7%; p=.001). Lastly, clinically diagnosed hypertension, insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia were more prevalent amongst PwMSH compared to controls. Low levels of PA and physical fitness, and significant rates of abdominal adiposity and hypertension may collectively influence the risk and severity of various cardiometabolic and/or musculoskeletal health issues amongst ageing PwMSH. Personalised multi-disciplinary health interventions involving PA, dietary and health psychology input for PwMSH warrant future investigation.