Physical Activity of Working-Age People in View of Their Income Status.

Daniel Puciato,Julita Markiewicz-Patkowska,Małgorzata Dębska,Michał Rozpara,Piotr Oleśniewicz,Władysław Mynarski

doi:10.1155/2018/8298527

Abstract

Objective The study examines relationships between physical activity levels and income status of working-age city residents. Methods The study was carried out in the years 2014 and 2015 in Wrocław, Poland. The study sample comprised 4332 participants (2276 women; 2056 men) aged 18 to 64 years. Respondents' habitual physical activity levels were measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), while their income status was assessed with author's own Socio-Economic Status of Working-Age People Questionnaire (S-ESQ). Results The results revealed positive correlations between the level of physical activity and income status of male and female working-age residents of Wrocław. The highest physical activity levels were noted among respondents with a steady income, as well as among respondents with the highest income and savings and with no debts. The odds for respondents' above average physical activity levels were the greatest in women with the highest income and with savings and in debt-free men and women. Conclusion Effective actions should be developed aimed at improvement of physical activity levels of people in an adverse financial situation.

Highlights

Undertaking properly adjusted physical activity by workingage populations is highly significant for their health status in its physical, psychical, and social domains
The study results indicate positive relationships between physical activity levels and financial situation of a workingage population from Wrocław, Poland
The study showed that the odds for above average physical activity levels were the greatest in women with the highest income, who had money savings, and in debt-free men and women

Summary

Introduction

Undertaking properly adjusted physical activity by workingage populations is highly significant for their health status in its physical, psychical, and social domains. Significant positive correlations were empirically proven between physical activity levels and the function of locomotive [1, 2], circulatory [3, 4], respiratory [5], digestive [6], immune [7], and nervous [8] systems. Researchers confirmed the positive impact of physical activity on anxiety and depression levels [9], cognition [10], optimism [11], and quality of life [12,13,14,15]. Following the ecological model proposed by Sallis et al [18] an individual’s physical activity is determined by different sets of variables: intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental, regional, national, and global. The first set includes, apart from biological determinants (genes; health status) and psychological determinants (motivation, cognition, values, and emotions), socio-economic factors, i.e., one’s age, sex, education, occupation, and income status

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion