Physical activity, obesity, and quality of life among rural Australian cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

PurposeWe aimed to describe physical activity (PA), obesity, and quality of life (QoL) among rural Australian cancer survivors, assess whether total and item-specific QoL are associated with sufficient PA and obesity, and assess whether PA and obesity interact with respect to QoL.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, convenience sampling was used to recruit adult cancer survivors via a chemotherapy day unit and allied health professionals at a rural hospital in Baw Baw Shire, Australia. Exclusion criteria were acute malnutrition and end-of-life care. PA and QoL were measured using Godin-Shephard and 7-item Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-G7) questionnaires, respectively. Factors associated with total and item-specific QoL were assessed via linear and logistic regression, respectively.ResultsAmong 103 rural cancer survivors, the median age was 66 years, 35% were sufficiently physically active, and 41% presented with obesity. Mean/median total QoL scores were 17 on the FACT-G7 scale (0–28; higher scores indicate better QoL). Sufficient PA was associated with better QoL (widehat{upbeta }=2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.26, 4.33) and more energy (odds ratio [OR] = 4.00, 95% CI = 1.48, 10.78) while obesity was associated with worse QoL (widehat{upbeta }=-2.09; 95% CI = -4.17, -0.01) and more pain (OR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.29, 11.68). The PA-obesity interaction was non-significant (p-value = 0.83).ConclusionsThis is the first known study conducted among rural survivors of any cancer to find sufficient PA and obesity are associated with better and worse QoL, respectively. PA, weight management, and QoL—including energy and pain—should be considered when targeting and tailoring supportive care interventions for rural cancer survivors.