Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to (1) establish GENEActiv intensity cutpoints in older adults and (2) compare the classification accuracy between dominant (D) or non-dominant (ND) wrist, using both laboratory and free-living data.Methods: Thirty-one older adults participated in the study. They wore a GENEActiv Original on each wrist and performed nine activities of daily living. A portable gas analyzer was used to measure energy expenditure for each task. Testing was performed on two occasions separated by at least 8 days. Some of the same participants (n = 13) also wore one device on each wrist during 3 days of free-living. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to establish the optimal cutpoints.Results: For sedentary time, both dominant and non-dominant wrist had excellent classification accuracy (sensitivity 0.99 and 0.97, respectively; specificity 0.91 and 0.86, respectively). For Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA), the non-dominant wrist device had better accuracy (ND sensitivity: 0.90, specificity 0.79; D sensitivity: 0.90, specificity 0.64). The corresponding cutpoints for sedentary-to-light were 255 and 375 g · min (epoch independent: 42.5 and 62.5 mg), and those for the light-to-moderate were 588 and 555 g · min (epoch-independent: 98.0 and 92.5 mg) for the non-dominant and dominant wrist, respectively. For free-living data, the dominant wrist device resulted in significantly more sedentary time and significantly less light and MVPA time compared to the non-dominant wrist.
Highlights
Population-level measurement of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SBs) is important for a number of reasons, including investigating relations with health outcomes (Osborn et al, 2018), quantifying the effect of PA interventions (Mitchell et al, 2019), and establishing secular trends in PA behaviors (Fraysse et al, 2019)
EE is expressed relative to the standard unit of resting metabolism [metabolic equivalent (MET)], and typically, 1.5, 3, and 6 METs are considered the thresholds between sedentary, light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), and vigorous PA (VPA) (Copeland and Esliger, 2009) (Gorman et al, 2014; Whitcher and Papadopoulos, 2014; Evenson et al, 2015)
Speaking, sitting, lying recumbent, and watching TV were sedentary activities (MET
Summary
Population-level measurement of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SBs) is important for a number of reasons, including investigating relations with health outcomes (Osborn et al, 2018), quantifying the effect of PA interventions (Mitchell et al, 2019), and establishing secular trends in PA behaviors (Fraysse et al, 2019). To facilitate classification of activity intensity, acceleration magnitude is collapsed (summed or GENEActiv Intensity Cut-Points in Older Adults averaged) into epochs ranging from 1 to 60 s, and thresholds are applied to classify each waking wear epoch as sedentary, light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), or vigorous PA (VPA). These thresholds, commonly called cutpoints, are established in calibration studies (Evenson et al, 2008; Sasaki et al, 2011; Hildebrand et al, 2017) where acceleration data are recorded concurrently with energy expenditure (EE), obtained from measurement of VO2/CO2 using a metabolic cart (Bassett et al, 2012). EE is expressed relative to the standard unit of resting metabolism [metabolic equivalent (MET)], and typically, 1.5, 3, and 6 METs are considered the thresholds between sedentary, LPA, MPA, and VPA (Copeland and Esliger, 2009) ( some studies have used 4 and 7 METs for the latter two) (Gorman et al, 2014; Whitcher and Papadopoulos, 2014; Evenson et al, 2015)
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