Abstract
Objective: In a prospective study, we investigated the association between physical activity and various motor, non-motor outcomes, and quality of life in early Parkinson's disease (PD) participants in the PD Longitudinal Singapore Study.Background: Prospective studies that examined the association between physical activity and motor and non-motor domains in early PD are lacking.Methods: 121 PD participants were followed-up prospectively to evaluate the association of physical activity with various symptom domains. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) was used to measure physical activity annually. PD-related symptoms were categorized by motor, non-motor, and quality of life measures. Multivariate regression with gain score analysis was performed to understand the association of baseline PASE scores with the change of each variable at 1-year follow-up.Results: Higher baseline PASE scores (greater activity) were associated with a younger age, lower MDS-UPDRS motor scores, a smaller levodopa equivalent daily dose, better attention and memory scores, and better QoL. Activity scores in early PD declined on follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed higher baseline physical activity to be associated with decreased anxiety and apathy scores at 1-year follow-up, after adjusting for demographic variables and medications.Conclusion: We demonstrated that higher baseline physical activity was associated with improved anxiety and apathy symptoms in early PD over a 1-year period.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural instability
We looked at the quality of life (QoL) in participants, utilizing the European Quality of Life scale 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire and the 8-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-8) for PD participants
We divided our participants into two different groups in a median split with higher (>150) and lower (
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, and postural instability. Physical activity may be beneficial in the elderly population, including those with PD [1, 2]. Some have suggested that increased physical activity can reduce the risk of developing PD and slow disease progression [3, 4]. Physical Activity in Early PD limited due to various social, co-morbid and disease related factors [5], and disease progression will further limit their activity. In patients with moderate PD, low physical activity was associated with increased disease severity, gait imbalance and impairment in activities of daily living [5, 6]. Prospective studies that examined the association between physical activity and motor and non-motor domains in early PD are lacking
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