Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the difference in physical activity (PA) due to sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults with long-term care insurance (LTCI). This was a cross-sectional study that investigated data of 97 consecutive community-dwelling older Japanese adults with LTCI who underwent rehabilitation at one day care center in Japan from November 2018 to May 2019. Sarcopenia was determined according to criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test and analysis of covariance were used to compare participant characteristics and clinical parameters between the older adults with and without sarcopenia. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to determine the cut-off value of PA for sarcopenia. The sarcopenia group (n = 20) had significantly lower body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass index, gait speed, and PA than those in the no sarcopenia group (n = 28) (p < 0.05). After adjustment for BMI and sex, the sarcopenia group showed significantly lower PA than the no sarcopenia group. Findings showed that the cut-off value of PA indicating sarcopenia by ROC curve analysis was 1494.4 steps/day (p < 0.05); this value may aid in identifying sarcopenia in older adults with LTCI.
Highlights
IntroductionThe Japanese long-term care insurance (LTCI) system provides services according to certification at seven levels (support levels one to two and care levels one to five) according to the condition of the person’s disease and physical and cognitive function
Design, Setting and Participants Flow. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the data of 97 consecutive communitydwelling older Japanese adults with long-term care insurance (LTCI) who underwent rehabilitation at one day care center in Japan from November 2018 to May 2019
The 48 participants were divided into the sarcopenia group and no sarcopenia group
Summary
The Japanese LTCI system provides services according to certification at seven levels (support levels one to two and care levels one to five) according to the condition of the person’s disease and physical and cognitive function. The care level of LTCI requires more care than the support level of LTCI, and the higher the level, the more care is needed [3]. The number of older adults with LTCI is increasing year by year (reported to be 6.79 million in 2021) and the cost of LTCI is becoming a serious problem [3]. Older adults with LTCI have a higher mortality rate than those without LTCI [4], and the risk factors for the need for LTCI are known to be increased comorbidities and the presence of sarcopenia [5,6]. Sarcopenia is defined as a decrease in muscle strength and physical function in addition to a decrease in skeletal
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