Physical Activity and Risk of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Prediabetes among Males and Females in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2014

Mabeline Velez,Lisa Chasan-Taber,Eva Goldwater,Nicole Vankim

doi:10.1155/2020/3538746

Mabeline Velez, Lisa Chasan-Taber + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3538746

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Abstract

Aims The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of leisure and occupational physical activity on the risk of diagnosed and undiagnosed prediabetes among females and males. Methods A sample of 17,871 non-pregnant adults was drawn from the 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multinomial logistic regression tested associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and risk of diagnosed prediabetes and undiagnosed prediabetes, compared to no prediabetes. Results Females and males who met guidelines for total MVPA (i.e., ≥10 MET-hrs/week) had a statistically significant lower risk of undiagnosed prediabetes (OR range: 0.50-0.65) as compared to those with no MVPA, however findings were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for diabetes risk factors. In terms of diagnosed prediabetes, females meeting guidelines had lower risk (OR range: 0.65-0.76), while only males engaging in the most MVPA had lower risk; findings were no longer significant after adjustment. Patterns were similar for leisure-time MVPA, but conflicting for occupational PA; females with 10-20 MET-hrs/week had a higher risk of diagnosed prediabetes (OR =1.71, 95% CI 1.11-2.61) and males with >20 MET-hrs/week had a higher risk for undiagnosed prediabetes (OR =1.17, 95% CI 1.02-1.35) after adjustment. Conclusions This study adds to the sparse body of literature on physical activity and prediabetes, particularly with its inclusion of occupational MVPA.

Highlights

Prediabetes is a serious health condition in which glucose levels are above normal but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes [1]
Findings for risk of diagnosed prediabetes suggested that females who engaged in more occupational moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) had higher risk than those who did not engage in occupational MVPA, with those engaging in 10-20 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-hrs/wk, having a statistically significantly higher risk (OR =1.71, 95% CI 1.11-2.61), after adjusting for risk factors
In this large cross-sectional study using national data, we found that females and males who met guidelines for total MVPA had statistically significantly lower risk of undiagnosed prediabetes

Summary

Introduction

Prediabetes is a serious health condition in which glucose levels are above normal but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes [1]. According to the Centers for Disease and Prevention’s 2017 National Diabetes Statistics Report, 84.1 million adults, or approximately 1 in 3 had prediabetes in 2015 with higher prevalence in males than in females (i.e., 36.6% vs 29.3%) [1]. Despite this high prevalence, only 11.6% of prediabetes cases were aware that they had this condition [1]. Only 11.6% of prediabetes cases were aware that they had this condition [1] This is critical as without weight loss (when indicated), healthy eating, and moderate physical activity, individuals with prediabetes have an increased risk of developing subsequent type 2 diabetes. Recent studies have found that individuals who have prediabetes have a 20 times higher risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes within five years of diagnosis as compared to those with normal glucose levels [3]

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