Physical Activity and Its Prophylactic Effects on Cognition and Dementia

Abstract

The dynamics of aging are not identical for all individuals, and certain lifestyle factors are likely to modulate its effects. Among these factors, the regular practice of physical activity is now the subject of increasing research. Many epidemiological, cross-sectional, and interventional studies present a convincing body of evidence in favor of the prophylactic effect of regular physical activity on brain and cognitive health in older adults. Various cognitive functions such as information processing speed, executive functions, or declarative memory appear to function more efficiently under the effect of a 6-month program combining 45 minutes of moderate-to-high-intensity aerobic physical exercise (sustained walking, jogging) and strength training three or more times a week.