Abstract
Method Using MeSH keywords, we searched major electronic databases including Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO in order to identify relevant publications published between January 2000 and October 2018. We included 19 qualitative studies which met inclusion criteria and were focused on physical activity determinants among adults. Results Determinants emerging from these studies were grouped into six themes: (i) urban environment, (ii) financial constraints, (iii) work-life integration, (iv) community engagement, (v) social support, and (vi) psychosocial factors. After conceptualising these six themes into a social ecological model, we identified potential research gaps for physical activity among adults with low socioeconomic status living in industrialized countries. Conclusion Our major insight was that, in industrialized countries, physical activity overlooks potential strengths to maintain health and well-being of those people with low socioeconomic status. A more complex understanding of contradictions between positive and deficit frames would lead to more critical insights of research gaps of physical activity in adult population with low socioeconomic status.
Highlights
Physical inactivity is increasingly recognized as one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide [1,2,3]
Implications for Future Research is study employed meta-ethnography to highlight how understandings of physical activity (PA) participation in low socioeconomic status populations have been reported in the literature
Future meta-ethnographies may benefit from research that can adopt a salutogenic lens [73, 74] to deliver more positive insights about what people in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities do well to sustain PA. is would require a sense of coherence research orientation that probes the necessary life experiences needed to confront stressors on healthy living [75], believing that the challenge to cope with stressors are understood, believing that the resources to cope with stressors are available, and wishing to be motivated to cope with stressors, removing the focus on only PA barriers as influencing PA behaviour
Summary
Physical inactivity is increasingly recognized as one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide [1,2,3]. Health promotion models recognise the role of contextual influences and the effect of interactions between individual, social, and physical environmental factors [16,17,18]. E Social Ecological Model (SEM) has been well recognized worldwide and been used broadly in health sectors [23,24,25] including for the improvement of PA among a range of populations and in different settings [23, 26,27,28,29]. Metaethnography is an opportunity for qualitative research to expand on theoretical approaches to the promotion of PA involving individual, social, and environmental influences [17, 46]. We explored and summarised the breadth of qualitative findings across contexts, to capture an overarching social ecological account of what qualitative research have determined in relation to socioecological determinants and to use this to highlight strengths and gaps in PA research. e intent was for future research to benefit from a broad summative understanding of what is known qualitatively about individual, social, and environmental influences on PA across complex societal systems (cultures, countries, ages, and settings)
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