Abstract
The Japanese greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus nippon) is distributed widely in East Asia. Within the species, R. nippon in Northeast Asia is regarded as the lineage that diverged most recently. However, the monophyly of the Japanese populations is unclear due to insufficient data about phylogenetic relationship of the western Japanese populations. To test the monophyly of the Japanese populations of R. nippon, we sampled R. nippon from western Japan and performed a phylogeographic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b and the D‐loop. The Northeast Asian lineage consisted of three main clades in eastern Japan (clade I), western Japan (clade II), and the continent as well as the Kumamoto population in westernmost Japan (clade III). The results of this study do not support the monophyly of the Japanese population. The findings suggest the “reverse colonization” of R. nippon from the Japanese Archipelago to the Eurasian continent, and provide important insight into the role of the island system in creation and supply of diversity to the continent.
Highlights
Based on moleclogical studies—have focused on birds that evolved dramatically as ular studies (Flanders et al, 2009, 2011; Koh et al, 2014; Rossiter the result of isolation and adaptive radiation to the island environet al., 2007), the European greater horseshoe bat R. ferrumequinum ment as represented by Darwin's finches (Burns et al, 2002; Harvey (Schreber, 1774) in the western Palearctic and the Japanese greater et al, 2021; Lack, 1945; Lamichhaney et al, 2016; Sato et al, 1999; horseshoe bat R. nippon Temminck, 1835 in the eastern Palearctic
Thirty-t wo R. nippon specimens and one R. cornutus specimen were deeply from the parapatric populations in East China (Henan collected from seven localities in Japan: Ibaraki, Kyoto, Hyogo, Province) and form a monophyletic group based on 1098 bp of the miand Yamaguchi on Honshu Island, Kagawa on Shikoku Island, and tochondrial ND2 gene and 13 microsatellite loci
1140 bp of cytochrome b and 465 bp of the D-loop were sequenced for all 33 R. nippon and one R. cornutus samples
Summary
Phylogeography of the Japanese greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus nippon (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Northeast.
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